Rocky Boy Tribe of Chippewa Indians of Montana

Ojibway First Nations Abitibiwinni First Nation Alderville First Nation Ahtahkakoop First Nation Amjiwnang First Nation Animbiigo Zagiigan First Nation Batchewana First Nation Bearskin Lake First Nation Beaosoleil First Nation Berens River First Nation Big Grassy First Nation Big Island First Nation Big River First Nation Big Trout Lake First Nation Bloodvein First Nation Brokenhead First Nation Brunswick House First Nation Buffalo Point First Nation Caldwell First Nation Cat Lake First Nation Chapleau First Nation Chippewas of Rama First Nation Christian Island First Nation Cockburn Island First Nation Cold Lake First Nation Cote First Nation Constance Lake First Nation Couchiching First Nation Cowessess First Nation Curve Lake First Nation Dauphin River First Nation Dokis First Nation Duck Lake First Nation Eabametoong First Nation Eagle Lake First Nation Ebb & Flow First Nation English River First Nation Ermineskin First Nation Fishing Lake First Nation Flying Dust First Nation Foothills Ojibway Society Fort William First Nation Frog Lake First Nation Gambler First Nation Garden River First Nation Georgina Island First Nation Gods Lake First Nation Gods River First Nation Gordon First Nation Grand Rapids First Nation Heart Lake First Nation Hollow Water First Nation Henvey Inlet First Nation Hiawatha First Nation Iskatewizaagegan First Nation Island Lake First Nation James Smith First Nation Kahkewistahaw First Nation Keeseekoose First Nation Kehewin First Nation Kettle & Stoney Point First Nation Kiashke Zaaging First Nation Kinistin First Nation Kinonjeoshtegon First Nation Lac Des Mille Lacs First Nation Lac La Croix First Nation Lac La Ronge First Nation Lac Seul First Nation Lake Manitoba First Nation Lake St. Martin First Nation Little Black River First Nation Little Grand Rapids First Nation Little Saskatchewan First Nation Long Plain First Nation Louis Bull First Nation Magnetawan First Nation Makwa Sahgaiehcan First Nation Marcel Colomb First Nation Mathias Colomb First Nation M'Chigeeng First Nation Ministikwan First Nation Mishipicoten First Nation Misipawistik First Nation Mississagi First Nation Mistawasis First Nation Montana First Nation Montreal Lake First Nation Mosakahiken First Nation Moose Deer Point First Nation Moosomin First Nation Muscowpetung First Nation Muskeg First Nation Muskoday First Nation Muskowekwan First Nation Naicatchewenin First Nation Naongashiing First Nation Naotkamegwanning First Nation Nawash First Nation Nelson House First Nation New Credit First Nation Neyashiinigmiing First Nation Nicickousemenecaning First Nation Northwest Angle No 33 First Nation Northwest Angle No 37 First Nation Norway House First Nation Obashkaandagaang First Nation Ochapowace First Nation O-Chi-chak-ko-sipi First Nation O'Chiese First Nation Ochiichagwebabigoining First Nation Ojibway of Saugeen Okanese First Nation Onigaming First Nation Onion Lake First Nation Opaskweyak First Nation Parry Island First Nation Pasqua First Nation Pauingassi First Nation Pays Plat First Nation Peguis First Nation Pelican Lake First Nation Peter Ballantyne First Nation Piapot First Nation Pic Mobert First Nation Pic River First Nation Pikangikum First Nation Pinaymootang First Nation Pine Creek First Nation Poplar Hill First Nation Poplar River First Nation Red Rock First Nation Red Sucker Lake First Nation Rocky Bay First Nation Rolling River First Nation Roseau River First Nation Saddle Lake First Nation Sagamok First Nation Sakimay First Nation Samson First Nation Sand Point First Nation Sandy Bay First Nation Sandy Lake First Nation Sapotaweyak First Nation Sarnia First Nation Saugeen First Nation Saulteaux First Nation Scugog Island First Nation Seine First Nation Serpent River First Nation Sheguiandah First Nation Sheshegwaning First Nation Shoal Lake No 40 First Nation Skownan First Nation Slate Falls First Nation South Indian Lake First Nation Split Lake First Nation Stanjikoming First Nation Starblanket First Nation St. Theresa Point First Nation Sucker Creek First Nation Sunchild First Nation Swan Lake First Nation Swan Lake 65C First Nation Temagami First Nation Thames First Nation The Key First Nation Thessalon First Nation Thunderchild First Nation Timiskaming First Nation Tootinaowaziibeeng First Nation Valley River First Nation Wabaseemoong First Nation Wabauskang First Nation Wabigoon Lake First Nation Wahgoshig First Nation Wahnapitae First Nation Walpole Island First Nation Wapekeka First Nation Wasagamack First Nation Wasauksing First Nation Washagamis Bay First Nation Waterhen Lake First Nation Wauzhushk Onigum First Nation Wawakapewin First Nation Waywayseecappo First Nation Webequie First Nation Weenusk First Nation West Bay First Nation West Moberly Lake First Nation Whitebear First Nation Whitedog First Nation Whitefish Bay First Nation Whitefish Lake First Nation of Ontario Whitefish Lake First Nation of Alberta Whitefish River First Nation Whitesand First Nation Whitewater Lake First Nation Wikwemikong First Nation Witchekan Lake First Nation Wolf Lake First Nation Wunnumin First Nation Wuskwi Sipihk First Nation Yellow Quill First Nation Zhibaahaasing First Nation

Ojibway Communities Browning, Blackfeet Reservation Belcourt, Turtle Mountain Reservation Maskwacis, Ermineskin Reserve Wikwemikong, Wikwemikong Reserve

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Grizzly Bears Head & Lean Man First Nation

Located about 30 kilometers or 18 miles south of Battleford, Saskatchewan, is the Saulteaux Ojibway Grizzly Bears Head and Lean Man First Nation. There are actually four Reserves which make up this Reserve. Others are Mosquito and Red Pheasant. All are connected. Excluding Red Pheasant, the Grizzly Bears Head, Lean Man and Mosquito Reserves cover an area of 17,622.3 hectares or 43,545 total acres. Including Red Pheasant the single Reserve covers 42,930 hectares or 106,082 acres. Below are google earth photos of this Reserve and also a map. This Reserve must be considered one Reserve. Classifying it as 4 Reserves is confusing people. The on-Reserve population of Grizzly Bears Head and Lean Man, is 81 according to the 2011 census. That does not include off-Reserve population. There are 20 housing units at the Grizzly Bears Head and Lean Man Reserve. Average household size is 4.0 persons per household. In 1877, 10,000s of Montana Ojibwa's fled up to the Cypress Hills of Alberta and Saskatchewan. English leaders did not want a large Indian population in the Cypress Hills region because of the regions productivity. In September of 1877, an adhesion to Treaty 4 was signed by Ojibway leaders in the Cypress Hills near or at Fort Walsh. Then in August of 1878, another adhesion was signed to Treaty 6, at Battleford. How do we know these people are Ojibway? Chiefs Red Pheasant and Wuttunee. To learn more about Grizzly Bears Head & Lean Man First Nation, we have to research Jacques Cardinal who was chiefs Okanese and St. Paul's father.

Chief Paul or Chief Okanese?

Neither. According to historians, chief Jean Baptiste Lolo (aka chief Paul or St. Paul) was an off-spring of chief Michael Ooskins Cardinal or chief Okanese. However, they reported that chief Paul was born in 1798. They reported that chief Michael Ooskins Cardinal or chief Okanese, was born sometime between 1795-1837. His father was Jacques Cardinal. He moved west in the late 18th century with Northwest Fur Company and Hudson Bay Fur Company. He settled down to live in what is now the Jasper National Park region of Alberta including land in British Columbia and along Bow River in Alberta and also where the O'Chiese Ojibwa's live, after migrating west. That includes land where Blood and Piikani Reserves are, in southern Alberta. After Northwest Fur Company went out of business, HBC then became attractive to chief Paul and chief Okanese. Chief Paul continued the westward migration and moved to near what is now Kamloops, British Columbia and was considered chief by HBC who used him or bought him. Chief Okanese moved from the Bow River region in Alberta with his Saulteaux Ojibwa subjects, to southwestern Manitoba (it was really southwest Alberta) and also was used by HBC in Montana and Saskatchewan. They settled down near what is now Riding Mountain (it's really Rocky Mountain House) National Park or Jasper National Park. He kept business with HBC or was bought by HBC. He was considered chief by HBC. However, Ojibway leaders did not recognize any of the off-spring of Jacques Cardinal as chiefs. Below are the off-spring of Jacques Cardinal:

Jean Baptiste Lolo (aka chief Paul or St. Paul, Lolo and Okanese)

Michael Ooskins Cardinal or chief Okanese (it means Little Bone in Ojibway)

Cowessess

Keeseekoowenin (HBC appointed chief of Valley River or Totinaowaziibeeng & Keeseekoowenin and Waywayseecappo)

Mekis

O'Soup

Red Pheasant (he led the Ojibwa's from Red Pheasant Reserve including Grizzly Bears Head, Lean Man and Mosquito)

Wuttunee (he was originally considered head chief by HBC yet he let his brother chief Red Pheasant, assume that role)

Yellowhead

As mentioned, none of them were recognized by Ojibway leaders as chiefs. What Ojibway leaders recognized, was each one worked for HBC or the whites who used them to corrupt the Ojibway Nation. Chief Paul was recognized as leader of the British Columbia Ojibwa's (the Shuswap) by HBC but not Ojibway leaders. Chief Paul's influence extended down to near what is now Lolo, Montana which is named after him. Chief Paul along with the other idiotic Paul's of Montana, are traitors. HBC considered chief Paul the leader of the Ojibwa's from California, Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, Alberta, British Columbia up to Yukon and Northwest Territory. Chief Okanese was considered chief of the Ojibwa's from Montana, North Dakota, Saskatchewan, Manitoba up to Northwest Territories, by HBC. Since each worked for the whites, they certainly did not fight the whites. Worse, they were strict Christians which enraged Ojibway Traditionalists. These idiotic Paul's actually signed treaties on behalf of HBC which means none of those treaties are valid.

Chief Yellow Quill or Chief Kinistin?

Chief Kinistin was pivotal in leading many Ojibway People from southern Manitoba including near Selkirk and Winnipeg, north and northwest to the caribou lands (from Alberta to Manitoba) of the Chipewyan. Chief Kinistin was apparently a sub-chief of chief Yellow Quill. During the late 1860s, chief Yellow Quill stationed many Ojibwa Soldiers at Portage la Prairie to prevent the whites and mixed bloods from Red River Colony, from expanding west. He wanted to negotiate a fair treaty. That happened in the late 1860s yet didn't become formal until August 3, 1871 and August 21, 1871, when treaties 1 and 2 were signed. It's very obvoius that chiefs Yellow Quill and Kinistin, did not accept treaty terms. They signed treaty yet after understanding they were lied to, they followed prophecy. Treaty 4 is actually a treaty that went further to violate treaties 1 and 2. After chief Okanese died in 1870 (chief Paul died in 1868), his son chief Mekis was appointed chief by HBC. Chief Mekis signed Treaty 2 on August 21, 1871. They were set aside land between Dauphin Lake, Duck Mountain National Park and Riding Mountain (aka Rocky Mountain House or Riding Mountain House) National Park or Jasper National Park. A very large Reserve chiefs Yellow Quill and Kinistin negotiated for. However, in response to Ojibway chiefs understanding they had been lied to, England used bribery to force another treaty. That treaty was Treaty 4. Chief Keeseekoowenin, who was chief Mekis brother, took money for that fraudulent treaty signed on September 9, 1875. Chief Mekis was dead before Treaty 4 was signed so HBC used his brother Keeseekoowenin. Chief Yellow Quill and chief Kinistin, obviously rejected English demands. Read Treaty 1 and 2 text. White policy was to bribe Indian leaders to cede Indian land. Many of those Indian leaders had some degree of white blood, as did chiefs Keeseekowenin and Mekis. Below is an excerpt from Treaty 1:

For each Chief who signed the treaty, a dress distinguishing him as Chief. (proof they were not chiefs)

For braves and for councillors of each Chief a dress; it being supposed that the braves and councillors will be two for each Chief.

For each Chief, except Yellow Quill, a buggy.

For the braves and councillors of each Chief, except Yellow Quill, a buggy.

In lieu of a yoke of oxen for each reserve, a bull for each, and a cow for each Chief; a boar for each reserve and a sow for each Chief, and a male and female of each kind of animal raised by farmers, these when the Indians are prepared to receive them.

A plough and a harrow for each settler cultivating the ground.

These animals and their issue to be Government property, but to be allowed for the use of the Indians, under the superintendence and control of the Indian Commissioner.

The buggies to be the property of the Indians to whom they are given.

The above contains an inventory of the terms concluded with the Indians.

So you can detect deceit when deceit is visible. Neither chief Keeseekoowenin nor his brother chief Mekis, had any power to act on behalf of any district of the Ojibwa's of southern Manitoba and southeastern Saskatchewan. What happened in 1871, was England agreeing to set aside a large area of land in southwestern Manitoba and adjacent southeastern Saskatchewan, to be an Ojibway Reserve. White surveyors already knew what the productivity of the land in those locations was. They knew the regions where Riding Mountain National Park and Duck Mountain National Park are, were not suited to agriculture.

Kinistin Band of Ojibway
Cote (Keeseekoose Reserve)

Ebb & Flow

Carry The Kettle (aka Piapot)

Cowessess (Crooked Lakes Reserve)

Crane River (aka O'Chi-chak-ko-sippi)

Day Star (Touchwood Hills Reserve)

Gamblers

Gordon (Touchwood Hills Reserve)

Grizzlys Bears Head

James Smith (originally lived at St. Peters Reserve)

Kahkewistahaw (Crooked Lakes Reserve)

Kawacatoose (Touchwood Hills Reserve)

Keeseekoose (Keeseekoose Reserve)

Keeseekoowenin

Lean Man

Little Black Bear (File Hills Reserve)

Long Plain

Mosquito

Muscowpetung (Qu'Appele Lakes Reserve)

Muskoday (originally lived at St. Peters Reserve)

Muskowekwan or Mus-skow-i-gan (Touchwood Hills Reserve)

Ochapowace (Crooked Lakes Reserve)

Okanese (File Hills Reserve)

Pasqua (Qu'Appelle Lakes Reserve)

Peepeekisis (File Hills Reserve)

Peguis (originally lived at St. Peters Reserve)

Piapot (aka Carry The Kettle - Qu'Appelle Lakes Reserve)

Pine Creek

Red Pheasant

Rolling River

Sakimay (Crooked Lakes Reserve)

Sandy Bay

Swan Lake

The Key (Keeseekoose Reserve)

Tootinaowaziibeeng (aka Valley River)

Sapotaweyak (originally a part of Swan River Reserve or Keeseekoose)

Standing Buffalo (Qu'Appelle Lakes Reserve)

Wuskwi Sipihk (originally a part of Swan River Reserve or Keeseekoose)

Fishing Lake

Kinistin

White Bear

Yellow Quill