Athabascan Indians

Athabascan Indians are also known as Dene. Dene is very similar to Algonquin words for man. Examples are Lenni (Delaware), Nini (Chippewa), and Hetane (Cheyenne). Of course, the closest one being the Cheyenne word for man which is Hetane. Exclude "he" and just pronounce "tane," and you learn that Dene and Tane sound almost identical. According to 1832's Edinburgh Encyclopedia, Athabascan People are Lenni Lenape or Ojibway. In British Columbia and the California, Oregon, and Washington regions, Athabascan or Dene history, is different from the history of the northern most Athabascan's or Dene, which is written below. However, in many respects it is very similar. They had to deal with a foreign Asian people who were probably Chinese and Filipino, who invaded western North America (between southeastern Alaska and northwestern Mexico or the Mexican State of Sonora) between 1,500 years ago to 2,000 years ago. They were possibly provoked into invading by the Chippewa's invading eastern Asia. There was a difference, however, in the Aleut's and Eskimo invasion compared to the Chinese and Filipino invasion. Aleut's and Eskimo People were brought to the region between extreme northern Alaska and Hudson Bay by the whites after 1492. Below is a list of Athabascan Peoples and where they live.

Saulteau

They should be classified as being Northwestern Canada Athabascan Language under Chipewyan. Chipewyan People are Saulteaux Ojibway. They live in northeastern British Columbia. They must be included as being a part of Chipewyan People who are northern most Saulteaux. They are not one of them two tribes who claimed to have lived west where no winters existed and an animal with human facial features lived. Those two tribes are Aleut's and Eskimos. Below are locations where they live in northeast British Columbia. Their territorty is much larger however.

Halfway River - British Columbia

East Moberly Lake - British Columbia

West Moberly Lake - British Columbia

Beaver (A-mi-ca or Beaver People)

They must be classified as Chipewyan also. However, they were traitors that sided with Eskimos and whites. We trace their origins to near where Lake Nipissing is located in Ontario. It may have been chief Sagima that sent Ojibway People (that includes all their nations or Totems) north towards James Bay and Hudson Bay to fight invading Eskimos and whites. They are also known as Nez Perce and Sekani including Sarcee and T'suu Tina. They were lured to HBC trade posts to trade. Their main trade item being beaver pelts. They commenced to join Eskimo and white soldiers to fight Ojibway's. By 1762 or during Pontiac's War, 10,000's of Ojibway reinforcements were sent north towards extreme southern Nunavut, to fight their idiotic Ojibway brethren and their Eskimo and white allies. Whites also named these Cree Ojibway's Keskatchewan Indians besides Beaver and Nez Perce. Some time before 1774, many Beaver Indians forced their way towards Cumberland House, Saskatchewan and to a location west of Lake Winnipeg. White leaders led them. They helped establish Hudson Bay Companies first inland fort at Cumberland House in 1774 and later Red River Colony. More HBC forts were established west into central and northern Alberta. Beaver Indians helped whites establish those forts. In responce to their betrayal, Ojibway Soldiers relentlessly attacked Beaver Indians. They forced them to retreat to north British Columbia and south Alberta. They live in north British Columbia and south Alberta now. There are only a few Cree First Nations. All are located in Alberta and British Columbia. These Cree Indians or Beaver Indians, do not live at Moberly Lake nor Halfway River. Ojibway leaders didn't want anything to do with them. As for Nez Perce People of Idaho, Montana, Oregon and Washington it's their language that is a predicament. Further investigating must be initiated to learn more about them. Below is a list of all Cree First Nations in Canada.

Blueberry River FN - British Columbia

Doig River FN - British Columbia

Kwadacha (Sekani) FN - British Columbia

McLeod Lake (Sekani) FN - British Columbia

Prophet River FN - British Columbia

Takla (Sekani) FN - British Columbia

Tsay Keh (Sekani) FN - British Columbia

Beaver FN - Alberta

Horse Lake FN - Alberta

T'suu Tina (Sarcee) FN - Alberta

The Carrier including Babine, Chilcotin, Dakelh, Nicola, Tsetsaut (not certain), and Wet'suwet'en

Today, the Carrier Indians live in British Columbia but before the whites invaded they probably lived in central and southern Alberta and central and southern Saskatchewan. They are not Chipewyan but are among the oldest possibly of western Algonquin's.

Burns Lake - British Columbia
Cheslatta - British Columbia
Hagwilget - British Columbia
Lake Babine - British Columbia
Kluskus - British Columbia
Lheidli T'enneh - British Columbia
Moricetown - British Columbia
Nadleh Whut'en - British Columbia
Nak'azdli - British Columbia
Nazko - British Columbia
Nee Tahi Buhn - British Columbia
Red Bluff - British Columbia
Saik'uz - British Columbia
Skin Tyee - British Columbia
Stellat'en - British Columbia
Takla - British Columbia
Tl'azt'en - British Columbia
Ulkatcho - British Columbia
Yekooche - British Columbia
Wet'suwet'en - British Columbia

Chippewan (Chipewyan)

Originally, these Chippewan lived in central and northern Manitoba and parts of what are now eastern portion of Northwest Territories and Nunavut, north of Manitoba's border. However, according to 1832's Edinburgh Encyclopedia, they lived southeast near Lake Superior and are Chippewa or Ojibway. They migrated to a location just south of Hudson Bay then to Northwest Territories including Nunavut, then into northern Alaska. Most of their district is now termed Barren Grounds. Chipewyan's Akaitcho Territory covers 185,329 sq. mi. or 480,000 sq. km. Included as being Chipewyan are Beaver (we don't want anything to do with them), Copper Indians (Yellowknifes), Dogrib Indians (Tlicho), Gwich'in including Han Indians, Sahtu and Slavey who are also known as Hare Indians. Hare Indians include Gwich'in and Han. Chipewyan communities including that of Copper, Dogrib, Gwich'in, Sahtu and Slavey are as follows.

Cold Lake - Alberta
Fort Chipewyan - Alberta
Fort McKay - Alberta
Fort McMurray - Alberta
Janvier - Alberta

Barrens Land - Manitoba
Churchill - Manitoba
Sayisi Dene - Manitoba
Northlands - Manitoba

Fort Resolution/Deninu Kue - Northwest Territories
Smith's Landing - Northwest Territories
Lutsel K'e - Northwest Territories

Buffalo River - Saskatchewan
Black Lake - Saskatchewan
Clearwater River - Saskatchewan
English River - Saskatchewan
Fond Du Lac River - Saskatchewan
Lac La Hache - Saskatchewan
Patunanak - Saskatchewan
Stony Rapids - Saskatchewan
Turnor Lake - Saskatchewan

Dogrib

They are also Chipewyan. They are not one of them two tribes who claimed to have migrated from a west location where no winters existed and an animal with human facial features lived. Those two tribes are Aleut's and Eskimo. Dogrib People (Tlicho people) have a territory of 15,100 sq. mi. or 39,000 sq. km. It's in compact form and acceptable to our laws. Their nation is located between Great Bear Lake and Great Slave Lake.

Slavey or Sahtu (Hare Indians)

They are also Chipewyan. Their territory is northern most territory of northern most Saulteaux, except that of Gwich'in People. It is located south of Gwich'in Peoples Territory. These northern Saulteaux Ojibway's known as Sahtu, have a territory in Northwest Territories which covers 15,999 sq. mi. or 41,437 sq. km. Dehcho Territory is not in compact form however. Southern Slavey People are also Chipewyan. They are known as Dehcho. Their territory is adjacent to Akaitcho Territoy and also very large. Dehcho Territory covers 83,000 sq. mi. or 215,000 sq. km. Don't give up. We won't recognize any land cessions by Akaitcho Territory leaders and Dehcho Territory leaders. We will consider them invalid.

Gwich'in and Han

They are also Chipewyan. There are two different Gwich'in and Han people. One is made up mostly of Algonquin's, while that other is mostly Eskimo. Those who are Eskimo are one of them two tribes who claimed they lived at a west location where no winters existed and an animal with human facial features lived. Gwich'in and Han live in Alaska, Northwest Territories and the Yukon in Canada. In 1992's Gwich'in Comprehensive Land Claim Agreement, Gwich'in People were left with 21,983 sq. mi. or 56,935 sq. km. in Northwest Territories. Part of that land is located in the Yukon. However, it's not in compact form. There are currently 9,000 Gwich'in. In Alaska, Gwich'in live in towns of Arctic Village, Beaver, Birch Creek, Chalkyitsik, Circle, Fort Yukon, and Venetie. You would think weather is cold year round at those villages but they have warm summers. For an example, at Chalkyitsik which is north of Fairbanks (Chalkyitsik is at 66 degrees north latitude while Fairbanks is at 64 degrees north latitude), it is warmer in during summer months. Average summer highs in Chalkyitsik for June, July and August a balmy 71.5, 73.1 and 68.5. Most people think Alaska does not get too hot in during summe time but they are obviously wrong.

Ahtna and Tanaina

Native to the State of Alaska, the Ahtna and Tanaina people probably lived further towards the east. Some Ahtna are possibly more closely related to the Gwich'in Dene. At the present time the Ahtna Indians of Alaska have 1,770,000 acres or 2,766 sq. mi. or 7,154 sq. km. of land. Their population is around 1,200.

Koyukon including the Deg Hit'an and Holikachuk

These Athabascan people live in the interior of Alaska and are probably members of the Alaska Native Corporation. All may be affiliated with the Doyon region of the Alaska Native Corporation. The tribes which make up Doyon, have a total land area of 12.5 million acres or 18,750 sq. mi. or 48,562 sq. km.

Tahltan including the Kaska and Tagish

They are classified as being Northwestern Canada Athabascan Language. These Athabascan people live in British Columbia and the Yukon in Canada. Their population is around 5,000.

Tanana including the Kuskokwim and Tuchone

Their language is classified as being Central Alaska-Yukon Athabascan. These Athabascan people live in the interior of Alaska and are probably members of the Alaska Native Corporation. All may be affiliated with the Doyon region of the Alaska Native Corporation. The tribes which make up Doyon, have total land area of 12.5 million acres or 18,750 sq. mi. or 48,562 sq. km.