Unable to get Mexico to end their aid to the Three Fires Confederation
and Kickapoo, the United States was forced to illegally enter Mexico to attempt to stop the
constant raids the Three Fires Confederation and Kickapoo were inflicting on Texans. Several
hundred American soldiers, including their black allies, invaded Mexico in 1873 then found
their targets. In the massacre that followed scores of Apache, Kickapoo, Ojibway, Ottawa and
Potawatomi were killed, while another 40 were taken hostage by the invading United States. After
the massacre the raids dwindled down, but continued but eventually stopped by the 1880s.