Fox Lake First Nation

Located at northeast Manitoba is Fox Lake First Nation. They are closely related to Shamattawa Ojibwa's or they are Shumataway Ojibwa's. Both made frequent trips to York Factory to trade. Some settled near the fort and became addicts to alcohol and drugs (opium) supplied to them by Europeans. Their territory extends from Fort Albany to York Factory. Canada recently (1947) recognized Fox Lake First Nation. Gilliam, Manitoba is a Fox Lake and Shamattawa town. Before 1955 the Ojibwa's living at what is now the Fox Lake region traded at York Factory which is adjacent to Hudson Bays west shores. However, they didn't always do that. In the 18th century they were very hostile. Fox Lake First Nation is an isolated community situated slightly north of Nelson River and west of Hudson Bay. From York Factory and probably locations near Fox Lake and (the lake south of Nelson River) Shamattawa, they were lured to work for Manitoba Hydro. According to 2021's census the population of Fox Lake First Nation is 126. Their population decreased beteween 2016 and 2021 by -19.2% or 30 people. They have 55 dwellings with 45 lived in. Average household size is 2.8 persons per household which is below normal for Ojibwa communities. An estimated 8.0% of the population of Fox Lake First Nation is 70 years of age or older. Around 20 people speak Corrupted Ojibwa Language which is what Lewis and Clark named Cree Language, at Fox Lake First Nation Reserve. Fox Lake First Nation is an Ojibwa Misipawistik Reserve community. Fox Lake First Nation leaders and leaders of all other Manitoba Ojibwa First Nations, must petition Canada to establish a large Ojibwa Reserve located at central and north Manitoba. Cree People are really the Athabascan Beaver Tribe. There are no Cree First Nations at Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec! Below the photos are excerpts from very old books that will help educate you! Look for the 18th century maps. Instead of south to north they are from southeast to northwest. Churchill River is the north boundary. A few Assiniboine and Cree lived west of Lake Winnipeg but were driven to the northwest by 1800 by Ojibwa Soldiers. Churchill River was a boundary used in the 18th century. From Churchill, Manitoba to South Indian Lake, Manitoba to Sandy Bay, Saskatchewan to Buffalo Narrows, Saskatchewan where the source of Churchill River is, this river flows for 1,000 miles. It's source is Churchill Lake, Saskatchewan. All land north of Churchill River is Chipewyan land. Chipewyan is the correct pronunciation of O Chib-bwan or Chib-bwan which means "The Originals and Originals in Ojibwa Language." Remember that white leaders are suppose to prove to Native Americans that whites are the brothers and sisters of Native Americans!

Historically there's a difference we must confirm to. Two groups of Fox Lake Peoples existed. The larger one living west of York Factory or where the Fox Lake (the lake) region is and a much smaller one living at and near York Factory. We will include the interior Fox Lake People Shamattawa Ojibwa's. In the 1770's, Andrew Graham knew of Shamattawa Ojibwa's. Historians write it awkwardly. Lowland Cree and Upland Cree. Lowland Cree feared the Upland Cree. Lowland Cree lived at or near European Forts while the Upland Cree were nearby. The Upland Cree bullied the Lowland Cree and were known to prostitute their women. If the Lowland Cree knew the Upland Cree were nearby they got out of Dodge. Of course, the Lowland Cree are the Eskimo or Inuit and the Upland Cree are Ojibwa's. If whites stationed at HBC Forts had no supply of alcohol and drugs, they feared the Upland Cree who became extremely hostile if HBC Forts had no supply of alcohol and drugs. They did trap for HBC, provide HBC Forts with food and did prostitute their women. HBC Staff also prostituted Upland Cree women. The idiotic Ojibwa Traitors made their women do all their work, beat and murder them, sold them as if they were useless slaves, ect. Then there was the Ojibwa Traditionalists who were feared by idiotic Ojibwa's, Eskimos and whites. Extreme caution was used when they confronted Ojibwa Traditionalists who were known to take Ojibwa Traitors and torture them to death for a month or longer. Ojibwa Traitors always kept near European Forts. In 1774, they helped whites establish a fort at Cumberland House, Saskatchewan then later in the 1790's helped whites establish forts at south Manitoba. Ojibwa Soldiers eventually brought them back under their control or drove them to the northwest where Europeans established their forts at north Alberta and north British Columbia. Ojibwa Soldiers drove them to central British Columbia where they're known as the Carrier Tribe.

According to York Factory records, the first mention of Ojibwa's at York Factory took place in 1741. Ojibwa's were native to that region and had been for 100's of years. From St. Mary's River at Montana, they sailed to Saskatchewan River then to Saskatchewan Rivers mouth at Hudson Bay where York Factory was. One can consider the mouth of Saskatchewan River to be located at Grand Rapids, Manitoba or at York Factory, Manitoba. We trace Ojibwa Vikings to Montana. Instead of a continuance of a west migration, Ojibwa leaders became very curious and sent their explorers to Hudson Bay using Saskatchewan River. Exploring Hudson Bay, they reached Ungava Bay and then reached Greenland then Iceland then Europe where Europeans named them Vikings. Ojibwa People were long settled at Hudson Bays west coast and east coast. They don't want you knowing that. In fact, Ojibwa People were long established as far north as the Arctic Ocean, Greenland and Iceland before Europeans invaded. Ojibwa leaders needed to find the evil people mentioned in prophesy. They were civilized to an extent around Hudson Bay and the Arctic Ocean to the north.

So in 1741, Ojibwa Soldiers made their presence known at York Factory. They had already been at war against the white invaders and their Inuit allies for over 50 years. Their visit to York Factory in 1741 was obviously about the conflict. Inuit Soldiers and idiotic Ojibwa Soldiers were doing the fighting for the white invaders and that troubled Ojibwa leaders. Was the visit to York Factory to promote a sort of peace agreement or instigate more war? In 1745 King Georges War commenced. We can be certain the 1741 visit to York Factory by Ojibwa Soldiers was to negotiate about the conflict. HBC leaders were protective of their Inuit allies and didn't trust their idiotic Ojibwa allies. For some reason staff at York Factory in 1741, thought it necessary to write that Ojibwa's made visit to York Factory.

Andrew Graham wrote that since 1762 the Lake Indians (Ojibwa's he also named Nekawawuck or Nay Gaw Ah Waag which means Point Freeze People) had left their rich hunting grounds and patrolled the region around York Factory. We know what took place in 1762! The vicious 1750-1763 War (aka Pontiacs War) brought more Ojibwa Soldiers to the York Factory region. After 1763, a period of peace brought trade between Ojibwa's and York Factory. That peace lasted until 1774. For some reason Graham wrote down that the territory of Shumataway Ojibwa's was at Henley River which is a tributary of Albany River. Henley River is 141 miles or 228 kilometers southwest of the mouth of Albany River. It's 450 miles or 724 kilometers from Shamattawa to the mouth of Henley River. Now we can extend the territory of the Shumataway Ojibwa's from Albany Rivers mouth to north of Hayes River. All Ojibwa First Nations from Fort Albany to Fox Lake and Shamattawa are Shumataway Ojibwa. They include Fort Albany, Kashechewan (could be a connection with Keskatchewan), Attawapiskat, Marten Falls, Webequie, Winisk (aka Peawanuck), Neskantaga, Nibinamik (Summer Beaver), Kasabonika, Wunnumin Lake, Kingfisher, Big Trout Lake, Bearskin Lake, Fort Severn, Sachigo Lake, Manto Sippi (Insect River), Shamattawa and Gillam (Fox Lake). Shamattawa Ojibwa's were recognized by Canada in 1955. Not all Ojibwa's who lived at York Factory make up the entire population of Fox Lake and Shamattawa. Ojibwa's were already living at Fox Lake and Shamattawa long before 1955 and 1947. They make up the majority of the population of both Fox Lake and Shamattawa.

During their war against whites and their Eskimo allies who were stationed at white forts around Hudson Bay and James Bay, Ojibwa Soldiers captured many Eskimos and absorbed them into their population. Shamattawa First Nation has an Eskimo mixture within their population as well as European. By mid 19th century, Ojibwa's and the Inuit had stopped fighting. Europeans no longer needed the Inuit to fight for them. New weapons had been invented which led to a shift in the war. Northern Manitoba had a large Ojibwa population before 1800. Fox Lake First Nation leaders and leaders of all other Manitoba Ojibwa First Nations, must petition Canada to establish an Ojibwa Reserve located at central and north Manitoba. Cree People are really the Athabascan Beaver Tribe. There are no Cree First Nations at Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec! Below the photos are excerpts from very old books that will help educate you! Look for the 18th century maps. Instead of south to north they are from southeast to northwest. Churchill River is the north boundary. A few Assiniboine and Cree lived west of Lake Winnipeg but were driven to the northwest by 1800 by Ojibwa Soldiers. Churchill River was a boundary used in the 18th century. From Churchill, Manitoba to South Indian Lake, Manitoba to Sandy Bay, Saskatchewan to Buffalo Narrows, Saskatchewan where the source of Churchill River is, this river flows for 1,000 miles. It's source is Churchill Lake, Saskatchewan. All land north of Churchill River is Chipewyan land. Chipewyan is the correct pronunciation of O Chib-bwan or Chib-bwan which means "The Originals and Originals in Ojibwa Language." Remember that white leaders are suppose to prove to Native Americans that whites are the brothers and sisters of Native Americans!

History of Fox Lake First Nation involves often trading at York Factory from mid 19th century to the 1940's and 1950's. Before 1850 or the invention of the revolver, much war was fought between Ojibwa People and the English and their Inuit and idiotic Ojibwa allies. Peaceful relationships with Inuit People followed and open trade with York Factory became necessary after 1850. HBC Staff from the 18th century, recorded that Lowland Cree (they are really Eskimo or the Inuit) lived at the Oxford House region. From the south around 1740 or so, HBC Staff recorded that Ojibwa leaders sent large numbers of Ojibwa Soldiers (they were reinforcements) and their families to central Manitoba. HBC Staff named them northern Ojibwa's as well as Nakawawuck, Nekawawuck and Lake Indians. Within a short time Ojibwa Soldiers brought all waterways from Hays River to the Arctic Ocean back under Ojibwa control. To better define the history of Fox Lake First Nation and Northern Ojibwa's, a line from the mouth of Albany River to South Indian Lake where Churchill River is is necessary. HBC Staff used that line to determine Lowland Cree (they are really Eskimos or the Inuit) Territory. HBC also referred to Upland Cree yet they are Northern Ojibwa's. Lowland Cree feared Upland Cree and were quick to leave HBC Forts if Ojibwa's were known to be nearby. Another group HBC staff were not honest about were Ojibwa's who were lured to HBC Forts by use of alcohol and opium. HBC staff tossed out alcohol and opium to lure in iditoic Ojibwa's who were quick to become addicts. So addicted to alcohol and opium were they, pimping their women was very common and over trapping as well. They protected HBC Forts and Trade Posts and supplied them with food and were lawless or rejected the Ojibwa Totemic System which governed Ojibwa People. They made their women do all their work and often beat and murdered them. Feuds among them frequently led to murders and revenge murders. That process continues now. Instead of paying attention to what's going on, far too many non whites become gang members. Unbeknownst to them, European leaders conspired 100's of years ago (before 1492) to cause civil unrest among them.

Lowland Cree or the Inuit, feared those Ojibwa's who became alcohol and drug addicts. Inuit People were not addicts. Europeans (the Russians) brought them to North America to fight their wars for them. Thus, they kept alcohol and opium from them. Upland Cree or iditotic Ojibwa's addicted to alcohol and opium, always kept close to HBC Forts and Trade Posts. They feared Ojibwa's more than the Inuit feared them. Ojibwa Soldiers patrolled their land and kept the Europeans, Inuit and idiotic Ojibwa's from expanding west. European leaders had an objective of gaining control of the Northwest Passage. At Alaska, British Columbia and the Northwest Territories the Russians were established with their Inuit allies. At Hudson Bay the English were established with their Inuit allies and idiotic Ojibwa's who they didn't trust. In 1774, they did sneak their way to what is now the Cumberland House region at Saskatchewan and established a fort. Russians also commenced to expand at Alaska in 1774. Earlier, Italians had established trade posts as far west as near what is now Prince Albert, Saskatchewan. After they converted the trade posts to forts, Ojibwa leaders became outraged. Italians had broke treaty agreements. The 1750-1763 War followed. During that conflict Ojibwa Soldiers destroyed all Italian Forts at Manitoba and Saskatchewan. After 1774-1794's War or during a truce in that conflict in 1784, treaties were signed in late 1784 and early 1785 that established very large Ojibwa Reservations. However, Ojibwa Soldiers continued to wage war against white invaders illegally settling Kentucky. Ojibwa leaders demanded a large Ojibwa Reservation at Kentucky yet American leaders refused to share land south of Ohio River. That kept 1774-1794's War in progress. Instead of sharing land south of Ohio River, American leaders opted to send American Soldiers to Indiana to attempt to stop Ojibwa Soldiers from that region, from reinforcing Ojibwa's native to Kentucky. Per treaty agreements from 1783, Ojibwa leaders allowed their English enemies to establish forts and trade posts at Saskatchewan and north Alberta, north British Columbia and Northwest Territories. Europeans now had control of the Northwest Passage.

Upland Cree or those idiotic Ojibwa's addicted to alcohol and opium, willingly helped the English establish forts far west of Hudson Bay. Ojibwa Soldiers eventually drove them to central British Columbia by the early 19th century where they're known as the Carrier Tribe. They obtained that name because they ventured from HBC Forts at Hudson Bay's west and south shores, to bring European trade items (most was alcohol and opium) to unsuspecting Ojibwa's. That's how their population increased. HBC staff referred to them as the Cree. However, they used Beaver Tribe more frequently and also Keskatchewan which refers to Saskatchewan River including Hayes River which is really Saskatchewan River.

From that line mentioned earlier that extends from Albany Rivers mouth to South Indian Lake where Chruchill River is, the idiotic Beaver Tribe trapped. However, it was a very dangerous task yet they were so addicted to alcohol and drugs they risked it. Ojibwa Soldiers eventually brought those idiotic Ojibwa's living at or near HBC Forts at Hudson Bay back under their control. However, by mid 19th century, changes took place that forced an ease in Ojibwa control of that entire region. During the 1830's the revolver was invented. That placed Ojibwa's at a disadvantage. A Christian Mission was established near Norway House (Rossville) where whites corrupted Ojibwa Language. HBC staff armed the Inuit and Ojibwa's addicted to alcohol and opium with revolvers. That action altered everything. Inuit People made their way to the Norway House region and the land to the north and south (Red River Colony). Ojibwa Soldiers could not dominate them using bows and arrows. Peter Jacobs wrote of a pale looking Eskimo people at York Factory. He was angry while at Norway House and York Factory in 1852. After 1850, the whites no longer needed the Inuit and eventually stopped supplying them with revolvers. By late 19th century both the Inuit and Ojibwa's were helping each other.

For Northern Ojibwa's we'll include these following as Shumataway Ojibwa's: Shumataway Ojibwa's are Albany River (Kenogami River) Ojibwa's (Albany River does not continue on west yet extends south to Long Lake then Lake Superior where it's known as Kenogami River so we'll name that portion they refer to as Albany River "North Branch Kenogami River" and that portion from Hudson Bay to where North Branch Kenogami River is "Kenogami River," and it does lead to Lake Superior), Attawapiskat River Ojibwa's, Uinescaw (Winiska) River Ojibwa's, Big Trout Lake (Nameu River) Ojibwa's, Sachigo River (it's known as Severn River yet satellite images clearly indicate Sachigo River flows to Hudson Bay and Severn River is a tributary of Sachigo River) Ojibwa's, Hayes River Ojibwa's, Nelson River Ojibwa's and Churchill River Ojibwa's. All must be identified as Shumataway Ojibwa's. Historically, they were reinforcements sent from east of Lake Superior to reinforce Ojibwa's already living between Kenogami River and Churchill River. Their territory actually extends to Quoich River and up to the Arctic Ocean. A war was going on between Ojibwa's and the Inuit sent to Hudson Bay by Europeans and idiotic Ojibwa's. English leaders did not trust their idiotic Ojibwa allies yet did use them to fight their wars. If HBC Forts had no supply of alcohol and opium, often they dealt with extremely angry Ojibwa's in need of alcohol and opium.

Look for the mountain peak shape on the map. That's where Churchill is located. Churchill River is almost adjacent to Churchill Town. Part London of Hudson Bay is written above the mountain shaped peak. You can tell it's been violated! It should read "Part of Hudson Bay." Andrew Graham drew the map in 1774. In 1991, another source "Ruggles," either copied the 1774 map of Andrew Graham or changed it. Lake Winnipeg and Lake Manitoba (Mantouabau) look awkward!. That's because the map is from southeast to northwest. Nekawawuck Indian Country represents Northern Ojibwa Territory. It's definition is not known. However, the "ne" represents point in Ojibwa Language so it refers to a place and people. Discovering what "ka-wa-wuck" means won't be easy! Word for "Freezing" in Ojibwa Language is either "Mash-ka-wad-ji-win or Ga-wad-ji-win." The 'd' is not pronounced. It's used to let learners know that the following 'j' is pronounced like judge, just, ect. Not like 'zhi.' Ne Ka-wa-wuck probably means "Point Freeze People." Pronunciation is "Nay Ga-wa-wug." An excellent description of the Churchill, Manitoba region! Of course, you've noticed the point where Churchill is! Keskachewan (Italians and the Beaver Tribe or Cree) Territory extends to almost Nunavut. Dogrib Territory (Ateemouspecky) Territory is located at southwest Nunavut.

This is a satellite image of the same region from google earth. It's from a southeast to northwest direction. It fits in well with the 1774 Andrew Graham Map. Lake Winnipeg looks almost similar to how it's depicted on the 1774 Andrew Graham Map.

What did they mean by "Keskachewans Resort Prior To European Settlements?" Were they indicating the Keskachewans resorted to migrate west. If they did resort to a west migration, Graham was writing about the establishment of Cumberland House at Saskatchewan in 1774. That would confirm the Keskachewans were Europeans with some of the Beaver Tribe (the Assiniboine and Cree) who sneaked their way to what is now the Cumberland House Region of Saskatchewan in 1774. Italians had already reached that area decades earlier! That's why Graham was familiar with that region! If Graham was referring to Italians reaching Manitoba and Saskatchewan in the 1730's and early 1750's that is! Fort de la Corne was built in 1753. It was located east of what is now Prince Albert, Saskatchewan almost adjacent to the east border of James Smith Reserve. Fort La Jonquiere was built in 1751 and was located near what is now Nipawin, Saskatchewan. Italians had established forts at south Manitoba in the 1730's. Using alcohol and drugs they lured in idiotic Ojibwa's (the Beaver Tribe or Assiniboine and Cree) who pitched their camps near the three Italian Forts built at south Manitoba. After Ojibwa Soldiers drove the Italians out during 1750-1763's War, those idiotic Ojibwa's relocated to European Forts adjacent to Hudson Bay. If Keskachewans do represent Europeans it means Northern Ojibwa Territory extends as far north as the Arctic Ocean! Graham wrote "NORTHERN KESKACHEWAN - BEAVER INDIANS." Cursive writing on the maps is very difficult to decipher. Graham was certainly referring to Europeans and idiotic Ojibwa's (the Assiniboine and Cree) as being the KESKACHEWANS AND BEAVER INDIANS. SOUTHERN KESKACHEWANS REPRESENT EUROPEANS OR ITALIAN'S. Evidently Italians continued to live at south Manitoba in the late 18th century. Though Graham wrote Assiniboine as Asenepoets we know who they are. Asenepoets is pronounced 'Ah-sin-ni-poats.' Read the following carefully. At Island Lake, Manitoba, Ojibwa leaders of Garden Hill, St. Theresa Point, Wasagamack and Red Sucker Lake are so stupid they don't know what "Oji" means. It's a combined word meaning "The originals." The "O" means 'the' in Ojibwa Language. Similar in sound to the Ojibwa word for 'that' which is "aw." It's pronounced "ow." It ryhmes with 'cow.' Oji is from "O Tchi Bwa." Word for before as in original in Ojibwa Language is "Tchi Bwa." It's pronounced "Tchib Bwa." Some Ojibwa Language Dialects pronounce it "Ji Bwa or Jib Bwa." They're scared and looking for excuses!