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Montana Ojibwe Reservations and their Communities Book

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Place Names of the Ojibwa in Future Codes Book



Every white leader that has lived is not allowed to live again!

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Ojibwa Towns Air Ronge, Saskatchewan Ball Club, Minnesota Batchewana, Ontario Battle Point, Minnesota Bay Mills, Michigan Bena, Minnesota Box Elder, Montana Browning, Montana Cass Lake, Minnesota Chippewa Hill, Ontario Chippewas of the Thames, Ontario Couchiching, Ontario Constance Lake, Ontario Cowessess, Saskatchewan Crow Agency, Montana Dupree, South Dakota Eagle Butte, South Dakota East Glacier, Montana East Moberly Lake, British Columbia Fort Belknap Agency, Montana Fort Duchesne, Utah Fort Hall, Idaho Fort William, Ontario Furnace Creek, California Garden River, Ontario Grand Rapids, Manitoba Green Lake, Saskatchewan Gull Bay, Ontario Harlem, Montana Heart Butte, Montana Kahkewistahaw, Saskatchewan Kashechewan, Ontario Kipawa, Quebec Keshena, Wisconsin Kitigan Zibi, Quebec La Loche, Saskatchewan Lac La Ronge, Saskatchewan Lac Simon, Quebec Lodge Grass, Montana Makwa Sahgaiehcan, Saskatchewan Maskwacis, Alberta Mississagi, Ontario Naytahwaush, Minnesota North Browning, Montana O'Chiese, Alberta Ogema, Minnesota Opaskwayak, Manitoba Pablo, Montana Pala, California Peguis, Manitoba Pikogan, Quebec Pine Creek, Manitoba Pine Ridge, South Dakota Ponemah, Minnesota Poplar, Montana Redby, Minnesota Red Lake, Minnesota Sandy Bay, Manitoba Sells, Arizona Snye, Ontario South Browning, Montana Standoff, Alberta Toppenish, Washington Torres, California Vineland, Minnesota Wabowden, Manitoba Wapato, Washington Waubun, Minnesota Waywayseecappo, Manitoba Wellpinit, Washington West Bay, Ontario Weyakwin, Saskatchewan White Earth, Minnesota White Swan, Washington Whitefish Lake, Ontario Whitefish River, Ontario Whiterocks, Utah Wikwemikong, Ontario

First Nations Ahtahkakoop First Nation Aroland First Nation Attawapiskat First Nation Batchewana First Nation Bear Island First Nation Bearskin Lake First Nation Berens River First Nation Big Grassy First Nation Big Island First Nation Big River First Nation Big Trout Lake First Nation Black River First Nation Blood First Nation Bloodvein First Nation Brokenhead First Nation Brunswick House First Nation Buffalo Point First Nation Cat Lake First Nation Chapleau First Nation Chemawawin First Nation Chippewas of the Thames First Nation Constance Lake First Nation Cote First Nation Couchiching First Nation Cowessess First Nation Crane River First Nation Cross Lake First Nation Cumberland House First Nation Dalles First Nation Dauphin River First Nation Day Star First Nation Deer Lake First Nation Duck Lake First Nation Eagle Lake First Nation Eagle Village First Nation East Moberly Lake First Nation Ebb & Flow First Nation Ermineskin First Nation Fairford First Nation Fishing Lake First Nation Fort Alexander First Nation Fort Hope First Nation Fort Severn First Nation Fort William First Nation Frog Lake First Nation Gambler First Nation Garden River First Nation Georgina Island First Nation Ginoogaming First Nation Golden Lake First Nation Gordon First Nation Grand Rapids First Nation Grassy Narrows First Nation Gull Bay First Nation Halfway River First Nation Henvey Inlet First Nation Hollow Water First Nation Iskatewizaagegan First Nation Jackhead First Nation James Smith First Nation Kahkewistahaw First Nation Kasabonika First Nation Kawacatoose First Nation Kebaowek (Kipawa) First Nation Keeseekoose First Nation Keeseekoowenin First Nation Keewaywin First Nation Kehewin First Nation Kingfisher First Nation Kinistin First Naton Kitcisakik First Nation Kitigan Zibi First Nation Lac Des Mille Lacs First Nation Lac La Croix First Nation Lac La Ronge First Nation Lac Seul First Nation Lac Simon First Nation Lake Manitoba First Nation Lake Nipigon First Nation Lake St. Martin First Nation Little Grand Rapids First Nation Little Saskatchewan First Nation Long Lake 58 First Nation Louis Bull First Nation Magnetawan First Nation Makwa Sahgaiehcan First Nation Manto Sipi First Nation Manto Sakahigan First Nation Marcel Colomb First Nation Marten Falls First Nation Matachewan First Nation Mathias Colomb First Nation Mattagami First Nation Michipicoten First Nation Mississagi First Nation Mistawasis First Nation Montana First Nation Montreal Lake First Nation Moose Lake First Nation Moose Deer Point First Nation Moosomin First Nation Muscowpetung First Nation Muskeg Lake First Nation Muskoday First Nation Muskrat Dam First Nation Nelson House First Nation Neskantaga First Nation North Caribou Lake First Nation North Spirit Lake First Nation Northwest Angle 33 First Nation Northwest Angle No. 37 First Nation Norway House First Nation Ochapowace First Nation O'Chiese First Nation Ojibway Nation of Saugeen First Nation Okanese First Nation Onigaming First Nation Onion Lake First Nation Opaskwayak First Nation Osnaburgh First Nation Oxford House First Nation Parry Island First Nation Pasqua First Nation Pauingassi First Nation Pays Plat First Nation Peepeekisis First Nation Peguis First Nation Pelican Lake First Nation Peter Ballantyne First Nation Piapot First Nation Pic Mobert First Nation Pic River First Nation Pikangikum First Nation Pikogan First Nation Pikwakanagan First Nation Pine Creek First Nation Poplar Hill First Nation Poplar River First Nation Rat Portage First Nation Red Earth First Nation Red Gut First Nation Red Rock First Nation Rocky Bay First Nation Rolling River First Nation Roseau River First Nation Sachigo Lake First Nation Saddle Lake First Nation Sagamok First Nation Sakimay First Nation Samson First Nation Sandy Bay First Nation Sandy Lake First Nation Saulteaux First Nation Scugog First Nation Seine First Nation Serpent River First Nation Shamattawa First Nation Shawanaga First Nation Sheguiandah First Nation Sheshegwaning First Nation Shoal Lake First Nation Shoal Lake No. 34b2 First Nation Shoal Lake No. 39 First Nation Shoal Lake First Nation Siksika First Nation Slate Falls First Nation South Indian Lake First Nation Split Lake First Nation Standing Buffalo First Nation Stanjikoming First Nation Star Blanket First Nation Sturgeon Lake First Nation Sucker Creek 23 First Nation Sunchild First Nation Swan Lake First Nation Temagami First Nation The Key First Nation Thessalon First Nation Thunderchild First Nation Valley River First Nation Wabauskang First Nation Wabigoon First Nation Wahgoshig First Nation Walpole Island First Nation Wapekeka First Nation War Lake First Nation Washagamis First Nation Waterhen First Nation Waterhen Lake First Nation Wawakapewin First Nation Waywayseecappo First Nation Webequie First Nation Weenusk First Nation West Bay First Nation West Moberly Lake First Nation Whitebear First Nation Whitedog First Nation Whitefish Bay First Nation White Fish Lake 128 First Nation Whitefish River First Nation Whitesand First Nation Wikwemikong First Nation Winneway First Nation Witchekan Lake First Nation Wunnumin Lake First Nation Wuskwi Sipihk First Nation Yellow Quill First Nation York Factory First Nation Zhibaahaasing First Nation

Ojibwa Reservations Bad River Reservation Big Cyprus Reservation Blackfeet Reservation Brighton Reservation Cheyenne River Reservation Coeur d'Alene Reservation Colorado River Reservation Colville Reservation Crow Creek Reservation Crow/Northern Cheyenne Reservation Death Valley Reservation Duck Valley Reservation Durango Reservation Fond Du Lac Reservation Forest County Reservation Fort Apache/San Carlos Reservation Fort Assiniboine Reservation Fort Belknap Reservation Fort Berthold Reservation Fort Hall Reservation Fort Mojave Reservation Fort Peck Reservation Fort Yuma Reservation Goshute Reservation Grand Portage Reservation Grand Traverse Reservation Isabella Reservation Jocko Reservation Kaibab Reservation Lac Courte Oreille Reservation Lac Du Flambeau Reservation Lac Vieux Reservation L'Anse Reservation Leech Lake Reservation Lemhi Reservation Lower Brule Reservation Menominee Reservation Miccosukke Reservation Mille Lacs Reservation Nacimiento Reservation Navajo Reservation Nett Lake Reservation Nez Perce Reservation Papago Reservation Passamaquoddy Township Reservation Passamaquoddy Pleasant Point Reservation Penobscot Island Reservation Pine Ridge Reservation Quinault Reservation Red Cliff Reservation Red Lake Reservation Rosebud Reservation Sokaogan Reservation Spirit Lake Reservation Spokan Reservation Standing Rock Reservation Tamichopa Reservation Torres/Martinez Reservation Turtle Mountain Reservation Uintah Valley/Uncompahgre Reservation Umatilla Reservation Warm Springs Reservation White Earth Reservation Wind River Reservation Yakima Reservation

Ojibwa Reserves Akaitcho Ojibwa Reserve Battleford Agency Ojibwa Reserve Big Bears Ojibwa Reserve Birdtail Ojibwa Reserve Carlton Agency Ojibwa Reserve Clandeboye Agency Ojibwa Reserve Couchiching Agency Ojibwa Reserve Crooked Lakes Agency Ojibwa Reserve Decho Ojibwa Reserve Duck Lake Agency Ojibwa Reserve File Hills Ojibwa Reserve Ga Manis'tiguia Ojibwa Reserve Gwichin Ojibwa Reserve Hobbema Ojibwa Reserve Lake Manitoba Agency Ojibwa Reserve Lake of the Woods Agency Ojibwa Reserve Mishi Madaogiwining Ojibwa Reserve Misipawistik Agency Ojibwa Reserve Qu'Appelle Lakes Agency Ojibwa Reserve Rainy Lake Agency Ojibwa Reserve Sahtu Ojibwa Reserve Savanne Agency Ojibwa Reserve Tlicho Ojibwa Reserve Touchwood Hills Agency Ojibwa Reserve Tsimshian Ojibwa Reserve Walpole Island Ojibwa Reserve Wikwemikong Ojibwa Reserve

Garden River First Nation

This Ojibwa First Nation of Garden River is located at north central Ontario. Below are links to google earth photos of Garden River First Nation Towns. On-Reserve population of Garden River First Nation is, according to a 2021 census, 1,071. They have 458 dwellings with 419 lived in. Average household size is 2.6 persons per household which is below normal for Ojibwa communities. An estimated 9.4% of the population is 70 years of age and older. An indicator a large white population lives at Garden River. History of Garden River First Nation or how it was created, goes back to 1850's Robinson-Huron Treaty. I suspect a very large Ojibwa Reserve or Reserves were set aside adjacent to Lake Huron's north Shores that extends from Wasauksing to Batchewana then extends north to the Chapleau, Ontario region. Canada obviously refused to include Sault Ste. Marie. Shawnee Ojibwa's were defiant during the 1840's and reacted with hostility. Below the photos links details how 1850's Robinson-Huron Treaty and Robinson-Superior Treaty were instigated by the Mica Bay Incident of 1849. It's possible bogus Ojibwa leaders signed 1850's Robinson-Huron Treaty. If they wore medallions during the vicious War of 1812 and after, they sided with whites and fought Ojibwa's. Authentic Ojibwa leaders first signed the treaties. English leaders bribed non authentic Ojibwa leaders to illegally sign those treaties afterwards. These following Ojibwa leaders signed 1850's Robinson-Huron Treaty for the vast Ojibwa Reserves which Garden River is a part of: Shing-wa-kos (Garden River); Ke-o-kos (Thessalon); Po-ne-ke-osh (Mississagi); Windawtegowinini (Serpent River); Namassin and Naoquagabo (Sagamok); Shawinakeshick (Whitefish Lake and Whitefish River); Kitcheposkissegun (Point Grondine); Wagemake (Henvey Inlet); Pamiquonaishcong (Magnetawan); Makatamishaquet (Shawanaga) and Mekis (Parry Island or Wasauksing). At least two very large Ojibwa Reserves were created. One from Batchewana to Wasauksing and the other from Henvey Inlet to the Chapleau region. Cree People are really the Athabascan Beaver Tribe. There are no Cree First Nations at Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec! Below the photos are excerpts from very old books that will help educate you! Look for the 18th century maps. Instead of south to north they are from southeast to northwest. Churchill River is the north boundary. A few Assiniboine and Cree lived west of Lake Winnipeg but were driven to the northwest by 1800 by Ojibwa Soldiers. Churchill River was a boundary used in the 18th century. From Churchill, Manitoba to South Indian Lake, Manitoba to Sandy Bay, Saskatchewan to Buffalo Narrows, Saskatchewan where the source of Churchill River is, this river flows for 1,000 miles. It's source is Churchill Lake, Saskatchewan. All land north of Churchill River is Chipewyan land. Chipewyan is the correct pronunciation of O Chib-bwan or Chib-bwan which means "The Originals and Originals in Ojibwa Language." Remember that white leaders are suppose to prove to Native Americans that whites are the brothers and sisters of Native Americans!

Garden River Satellite Image

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French Bay Satellite Image

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Mica Bay Rebellion of 1849

This incident led to 1850's Robinson-Huron and Robinson-Superior Treaties. In 1849, white mining companies established mines at Mica Bay which was quickly learned of by Ojibwa leaders. They sent many Ojibwa Soldiers to those mines to destroy them. In response, England sent 87 soldiers to put this rebellion down. It led to 1850's Robinson-Huron and Robinson-Superior Treaties. Ojibwa Soldiers were led by chief Shing-wa-cos (Garden River) and chief Ne-be-nai-goch of Batchewana. Caution must be used because both Shing-wa-cos and Ne-be-nai-goch were possibly not authentic Ojibwa leaders. White Soldiers had revolvers yet Ojibwa Soldiers stood their ground. Treaty agreements were reached in 1850 to set aside large Ojibwa Reserves along Lake Superiors eastern shores and Lake Huron's northern and northeastern shores. Whites deliberately wrote that their Reserve was so many miles this way and that way. These Ojibwa Reserves are very large and continue to exist. We don't recognize 1859's Pennyfather Treaty. It's fraudulent.

Look for the mountain peak shape on the map. That's where Churchill is located. Churchill River is almost adjacent to Churchill Town. Part London of Hudson Bay is written above the mountain shaped peak. You can tell it's been violated! It should read "Part of Hudson Bay." Andrew Graham drew the map in 1774. In 1991, another source "Ruggles," either copied the 1774 map of Andrew Graham or changed it. Lake Winnipeg and Lake Manitoba (Mantouabau) look awkward!. That's because the map is from southeast to northwest. Nekawawuck Indian Country represents Northern Ojibwa Territory. It's definition is not known. However, the "ne" represents point in Ojibwa Language so it refers to a place and people. Discovering what "ka-wa-wuck" means won't be easy! Word for "Freezing" in Ojibwa Language is either "Mash-ka-wad-ji-win or Ga-wad-ji-win." The 'd' is not pronounced. It's used to let learners know that the following 'j' is pronounced like judge, just, ect. Not like 'zhi.' Ne Ka-wa-wuck probably means "Point Freeze People." Pronunciation is "Nay Ga-wa-wug." An excellent description of the Churchill, Manitoba region! Of course, you've noticed the point where Churchill is! Keskachewan (Italians and the Beaver Tribe or Cree) Territory extends to almost Nunavut. Dogrib Territory (Ateemouspecky) Territory is located at southwest Nunavut.


This is a satellite image of the same region from google earth. It's from a southeast to northwest direction. It fits in well with the 1774 Andrew Graham Map. Lake Winnipeg looks almost similar to how it's depicted on the 1774 Andrew Graham Map.


What did they mean by "Keskachewans Resort Prior To European Settlements?" Were they indicating the Keskachewans resorted to migrate west. If they did resort to a west migration, Graham was writing about the establishment of Cumberland House at Saskatchewan in 1774. That would confirm the Keskachewans were Europeans with some of the Beaver Tribe (the Assiniboine and Cree) who sneaked their way to what is now the Cumberland House Region of Saskatchewan in 1774. Italians had already reached that area decades earlier! That's why Graham was familiar with that region! If Graham was referring to Italians reaching Manitoba and Saskatchewan in the 1730's and early 1750's that is! Fort de la Corne was built in 1753. It was located east of what is now Prince Albert, Saskatchewan almost adjacent to the east border of James Smith Reserve. Fort La Jonquiere was built in 1751 and was located near what is now Nipawin, Saskatchewan. Italians had established forts at south Manitoba in the 1730's. Using alcohol and drugs they lured in idiotic Ojibwa's (the Beaver Tribe or Assiniboine and Cree) who pitched their camps near the three Italian Forts built at south Manitoba. After Ojibwa Soldiers drove the Italians out during 1750-1763's War, those idiotic Ojibwa's relocated to European Forts adjacent to Hudson Bay. If Keskachewans do represent Europeans it means Northern Ojibwa Territory extends as far north as the Arctic Ocean! Graham wrote "NORTHERN KESKACHEWAN - BEAVER INDIANS." Cursive writing on the maps is very difficult to decipher. Graham was certainly referring to Europeans and idiotic Ojibwa's (the Assiniboine and Cree) as being the KESKACHEWANS AND BEAVER INDIANS. SOUTHERN KESKACHEWANS REPRESENT EUROPEANS OR ITALIAN'S. Evidently Italians continued to live at south Manitoba in the late 18th century. Though Graham wrote Assiniboine as Asenepoets we know who they are. Asenepoets is pronounced 'Ah-sin-ni-poats.' Read the following carefully. At Island Lake, Manitoba, Ojibwa leaders of Garden Hill, St. Theresa Point, Wasagamack and Red Sucker Lake are so stupid they don't know what "Oji" means. It's a combined word meaning "The originals." The "O" means 'the' in Ojibwa Language. Similar in sound to the Ojibwa word for 'that' which is "aw." It's pronounced "ow." It ryhmes with 'cow.' Oji is from "O Tchi Bwa." Word for before as in original in Ojibwa Language is "Tchi Bwa." It's pronounced "Tchib Bwa." Some Ojibwa Language Dialects pronounce it "Ji Bwa or Jib Bwa." They're scared and looking for excuses!