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Ojibwa Towns Air Ronge, Saskatchewan Ball Club, Minnesota Batchewana, Ontario Battle Point, Minnesota Bay Mills, Michigan Belcourt, North Dakota Bena, Minnesota Box Elder, Montana Browning, Montana Cass Lake, Minnesota Chippewa Hill, Ontario Chippewas of the Thames, Ontario Couchiching, Ontario Constance Lake, Ontario Cowessess, Saskatchewan Crow Agency, Montana Dunseith, North Dakota Dupree, South Dakota Eagle Butte, South Dakota East Glacier, Montana East Moberly Lake, British Columbia Fort Duchesne, Utah Fort Hall, Idaho Fort William, Ontario Furnace Creek, California Garden River, Ontario Grand Rapids, Manitoba Green Lake, Saskatchewan Gull Bay, Ontario Heart Butte, Montana Kahkewistahaw, Saskatchewan Kashechewan, Ontario Kipawa, Quebec Keshena, Wisconsin Kitigan Zibi, Quebec La Loche, Saskatchewan Lac La Ronge, Saskatchewan Lac Simon, Quebec Lodge Grass, Montana Makwa Sahgaiehcan, Saskatchewan Maskwacis, Alberta Mississagi, Ontario Naytahwaush, Minnesota North Browning, Montana O'Chiese, Alberta Ogema, Minnesota Opaskwayak, Manitoba Pablo, Montana Pala, California Peguis, Manitoba Pikogan, Quebec Pine Creek, Manitoba Pine Ridge, South Dakota Ponemah, Minnesota Poplar, Montana Redby, Minnesota Red Lake, Minnesota Sells, Arizona Snye, Ontario South Browning, Montana Standoff, Alberta Toppenish, Washington Torres, California Vineland, Minnesota Wabowden, Manitoba Wapato, Washington Waubun, Minnesota Waywayseecappo, Manitoba Wellpinit, Washington West Bay, Ontario Weyakwin, Saskatchewan White Earth, Minnesota White Swan, Washington Whitefish Lake, Ontario Whitefish River, Ontario Whiterocks, Utah Wikwemikong, Ontario

First Nations Ahtahkakoop First Nation Aroland First Nation Attawapiskat First Nation Batchewana First Nation Bear Island First Nation Bearskin Lake First Nation Berens River First Nation Big Grassy First Nation Big Island First Nation Big River First Nation Big Trout Lake First Nation Black River First Nation Blood First Nation Bloodvein First Nation Brokenhead First Nation Brunswick House First Nation Buffalo Point First Nation Cat Lake First Nation Chapleau First Nation Chemawawin First Nation Chippewas of the Thames First Nation Constance Lake First Nation Cote First Nation Couchiching First Nation Cowessess First Nation Crane River First Nation Cross Lake First Nation Cumberland House First Nation Dalles First Nation Dauphin River First Nation Day Star First Nation Deer Lake First Nation Duck Lake First Nation Eagle Lake First Nation Eagle Village First Nation East Moberly Lake First Nation Ebb & Flow First Nation Ermineskin First Nation Fairford First Nation Fishing Lake First Nation Fort Alexander First Nation Fort Hope First Nation Fort Severn First Nation Fort William First Nation Frog Lake First Nation Gambler First Nation Garden River First Nation Georgina Island First Nation Ginoogaming First Nation Golden Lake First Nation Gordon First Nation Grand Rapids First Nation Grassy Narrows First Nation Gull Bay First Nation Halfway River First Nation Henvey Inlet First Nation Hollow Water First Nation Iskatewizaagegan First Nation Jackhead First Nation James Smith First Nation Kahkewistahaw First Nation Kasabonika First Nation Kawacatoose First Nation Kebaowek (Kipawa) First Nation Keeseekoose First Nation Keeseekoowenin First Nation Keewaywin First Nation Kehewin First Nation Kingfisher First Nation Kinistin First Naton Kitcisakik First Nation Kitigan Zibi First Nation Lac Des Mille Lacs First Nation Lac La Croix First Nation Lac La Ronge First Nation Lac Seul First Nation Lac Simon First Nation Lake Manitoba First Nation Lake Nipigon First Nation Lake St. Martin First Nation Little Grand Rapids First Nation Little Saskatchewan First Nation Long Lake 58 First Nation Louis Bull First Nation Magnetawan First Nation Makwa Sahgaiehcan First Nation Manto Sipi First Nation Manto Sakahigan First Nation Marcel Colomb First Nation Marten Falls First Nation Matachewan First Nation Mathias Colomb First Nation Mattagami First Nation Michipicoten First Nation Mississagi First Nation Mistawasis First Nation Montana First Nation Montreal Lake First Nation Moose Lake First Nation Moose Deer Point First Nation Moosomin First Nation Muscowpetung First Nation Muskeg Lake First Nation Muskoday First Nation Muskrat Dam First Nation Nelson House First Nation Neskantaga First Nation North Caribou Lake First Nation North Spirit Lake First Nation Northwest Angle 33 First Nation Northwest Angle No. 37 First Nation Norway House First Nation Ochapowace First Nation O'Chiese First Nation Ojibway Nation of Saugeen First Nation Okanese First Nation Onigaming First Nation Onion Lake First Nation Opaskwayak First Nation Osnaburgh First Nation Oxford House First Nation Parry Island First Nation Pasqua First Nation Pauingassi First Nation Pays Plat First Nation Peepeekisis First Nation Peguis First Nation Pelican Lake First Nation Peter Ballantyne First Nation Piapot First Nation Pic Mobert First Nation Pic River First Nation Pikangikum First Nation Pikogan First Nation Pikwakanagan First Nation Pine Creek First Nation Poplar Hill First Nation Poplar River First Nation Rat Portage First Nation Red Earth First Nation Red Gut First Nation Red Rock First Nation Rocky Bay First Nation Rolling River First Nation Roseau River First Nation Sachigo Lake First Nation Saddle Lake First Nation Sagamok First Nation Sakimay First Nation Samson First Nation Sandy Bay First Nation Sandy Lake First Nation Saulteaux First Nation Scugog First Nation Seine First Nation Serpent River First Nation Shamattawa First Nation Shawanaga First Nation Sheguiandah First Nation Sheshegwaning First Nation Shoal Lake First Nation Shoal Lake No. 34b2 First Nation Shoal Lake No. 39 First Nation Shoal Lake First Nation Siksika First Nation Slate Falls First Nation South Indian Lake First Nation Split Lake First Nation Standing Buffalo First Nation Stanjikoming First Nation Star Blanket First Nation Sturgeon Lake First Nation Sucker Creek 23 First Nation Sunchild First Nation Swan Lake First Nation Temagami First Nation The Key First Nation Thessalon First Nation Thunderchild First Nation Valley River First Nation Wabauskang First Nation Wabigoon First Nation Wahgoshig First Nation Walpole Island First Nation Wapekeka First Nation War Lake First Nation Washagamis First Nation Waterhen First Nation Waterhen Lake First Nation Wawakapewin First Nation Waywayseecappo First Nation Webequie First Nation Weenusk First Nation West Bay First Nation West Moberly Lake First Nation Whitebear First Nation Whitedog First Nation Whitefish Bay First Nation White Fish Lake 128 First Nation Whitefish River First Nation Whitesand First Nation Wikwemikong First Nation Winneway First Nation Witchekan Lake First Nation Wunnumin Lake First Nation Wuskwi Sipihk First Nation Yellow Quill First Nation York Factory First Nation Zhibaahaasing First Nation

Ojibwa Reservations Bad River Reservation Big Cyprus Reservation Blackfeet Reservation Brighton Reservation Cheyenne River Reservation Coeur d'Alene Reservation Colorado River Reservation Colville Reservation Crow Creek Reservation Crow/Northern Cheyenne Reservation Death Valley Reservation Duck Valley Reservation Durango Reservation Fond Du Lac Reservation Forest County Reservation Fort Apache/San Carlos Reservation Fort Assiniboine Reservation Fort Belknap Reservation Fort Berthold Reservation Fort Hall Reservation Fort Mojave Reservation Fort Peck Reservation Fort Yuma Reservation Goshute Reservation Grand Portage Reservation Grand Traverse Reservation Isabella Reservation Jocko Reservation Kaibab Reservation Lac Courte Oreille Reservation Lac Du Flambeau Reservation Lac Vieux Reservation L'Anse Reservation Leech Lake Reservation Lemhi Reservation Lower Brule Reservation Menominee Reservation Miccosukke Reservation Mille Lacs Reservation Nacimiento Reservation Navajo Reservation Nett Lake Reservation Nez Perce Reservation Papago Reservation Passamaquoddy Township Reservation Passamaquoddy Pleasant Point Reservation Penobscot Island Reservation Pine Ridge Reservation Quinault Reservation Red Cliff Reservation Red Lake Reservation Rosebud Reservation Sokaogan Reservation Spirit Lake Reservation Spokan Reservation Standing Rock Reservation Tamichopa Reservation Torres/Martinez Reservation Turtle Mountain Reservation Uintah Valley/Uncompahgre Reservation Umatilla Reservation Warm Springs Reservation White Earth Reservation Wind River Reservation Yakima Reservation

Ojibwa Reserves Akaitcho Ojibwa Reserve Battleford Agency Ojibwa Reserve Big Bears Ojibwa Reserve Birdtail Ojibwa Reserve Carlton Agency Ojibwa Reserve Clandeboye Agency Ojibwa Reserve Couchiching Agency Ojibwa Reserve Crooked Lakes Agency Ojibwa Reserve Decho Ojibwa Reserve Duck Lake Agency Ojibwa Reserve File Hills Ojibwa Reserve Ga Manis'tiguia Ojibwa Reserve Gwichin Ojibwa Reserve Hobbema Ojibwa Reserve Lake Manitoba Agency Ojibwa Reserve Lake of the Woods Agency Ojibwa Reserve Mishi Madaogiwining Ojibwa Reserve Misipawistik Agency Ojibwa Reserve Qu'Appelle Lakes Agency Ojibwa Reserve Rainy Lake Agency Ojibwa Reserve Sahtu Ojibwa Reserve Savanne Agency Ojibwa Reserve Tlicho Ojibwa Reserve Touchwood Hills Agency Ojibwa Reserve Tsimshian Ojibwa Reserve Walpole Island Ojibwa Reserve Wikwemikong Ojibwa Reserve

Furnace Creek

It is one of many communities of Shoshone (Shawnee) Ojibwa's. Below are links to google maps photos of Furnce Creek or Indian Village. Shoshone Indians rather name their community and themselves Timbisha. Furnace Creek is 65 miles east of Sierra Nevada Mountains yet close enough to view the Sierra Nevada Mountains if a person/persons climbed mountains high enough to obtain a view. Death Valley extends 48 miles (78 kilometers) from north to south. It's land below sea level in elevation. According to 2020's census, population of Furnace Creek or Indian Village or Timbisha is 24. However, their community has as many as 25 housing units. No one under 18 lives there. All are 18 or older!

An unusual feature of the two communities are an abundance of trees to their north, west and south. Precipitation from higher elevations at mountains on the east descends down towards the communities. It's an oasis yet a different oasis. Water flows down from the mountains to that location and that allows trees to survive there! Ancient river beds (mountain valleys description is below) continue to flow water to the location of the communities. For nearly 5 miles (7 kilometers) trees are scattered similar to a crescent. Perhaps 1,000's of years ago much of Death Valley had an abundance of trees. It's a feature that fascinates visitors! A link to a google maps satellite image of Furnace Creek Oasis is below!

Summers have gotten hotter at Furnace Creek. Hottests summers on earth happen at Furnace Creek and Indian Village which is two or three blocks south of Furnace Creek. Shoshone People account for 22 of the population of 24. Two are mixed bloods. Although Furnace Creek and Indian Village are located further north than Las Vegas, which is nearly 100 miles (162 kilometers) to the southeast and almost as far north as Fresno, winters are warmer at Furnace Creek and Indian Village. Average high temperature for the coldest month (December) is 65. Average high temperature for the hottest month (July) is 116. However, since 2003 it is averaging close to 119 or 120 for an average July high temperature at Furnace Creek. Fresno's coldest month has an average high temperature of 54. Coldest month at Las Vegas has an average high temperature of 56. There are as many as 25 housing units at Indian Village. Average household size is about 1.0 persons per household. Elevation is -193 feet below sea level (61 meters below sea level).

Before 1930 Shoshone People dealt with hostile whites who were revolted by Death Valley and it's extremely hot summers. Shoshone People left Death Valley for mountain valleys adjacent to Death Valley on the east and west. Mountain valleys adjacent on the east have elevations from 4,000 feet to 5,000 feet. At near 5,000 feet in elevation it's up to 25 degrees colder. They're about 10 miles (16 kilometers) directly east and about 15 miles (25 kilometers) south of Furnace Creek and 3 miles (5 kilometers) east of Badwater. Those mountain valleys were utilized by Shoshone People. On the west are more mountain valleys more rugged and smaller yet were accessible. Some have elevations over 6,000 feet. Shoshone People utilized mountains on Death Valleys east and west. Much fuel (wood) was obtained. Important springs are located throughout that region which white invaders prevented Shoshone People from using. Shoshone People retuned to Death Valley and it's springlike winters each winter. That practice continues now.

In 1908 with chief Rocky Boys support, Hungry Bill was provided with 160 acres of land. Robert Thompson was was provided land at Warm Springs at Death Valley. In 1928, Indian Ranch Rancheria was established for Panamint Bill and other Shoshone People. Indian Ranch Rancheria was supposedly located slightly east of Death Valley. In 1933, Death Valley National Monument was established. Evidence, however, confirms Shoshone Reservation was already established before 1933. In 1938, Shoshone People were forced to settle permanently near Furnace Creek. Civilian Conservation Corps built Indian Village which is almost adjacent to Furnace Creek. Shoshone People were not satisfied. It meant they could no longer navigate to the mountain valleys adjacent to Death Valley. When summers come nearly all retreat to higher elevations away from Death Valley. American leaders forbid them to navigate to the mountain valleys only a few miles away. Extremely hot summers prevent them from living year round at Indian Village. Often summer highs will be 120 or hotter for a week straight of longer.

Indian Village (south of Furnace Creek) Satellite Image

Furnace Creek Oasis Satellite Image

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